ANZAC biscuits are one of Australia’s most beloved and culturally significant treats, holding a deep-rooted place in the country’s history. Associated with the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC), these biscuits date back to World War I, when they were baked and sent to soldiers on the front lines. The Country Women’s Association (CWA), known for preserving and perfecting traditional recipes, has maintained an iconic ANZAC biscuit recipe that continues to be a staple in Australian kitchens.
This article delves into the history, significance, and step-by-step process of making CWA-approved ANZAC biscuits, ensuring you can bake these classic, delicious treats with authenticity.
The History of ANZAC Biscuits
The origin of ANZAC biscuits dates back to World War I (1914-1918) when Australian and New Zealand soldiers were deployed overseas. Families back home wanted to send them nutritious, long-lasting food, and thus, the ANZAC biscuit was born. These biscuits were made with ingredients that were readily available at the time—rolled oats, flour, golden syrup, sugar, butter, baking soda, and coconut. Since eggs were scarce due to wartime shortages, golden syrup was used as a binding agent.
The biscuits were packed in tins and shipped to the soldiers, where they remained fresh for long periods. Over time, ANZAC biscuits became a symbol of resilience, remembrance, and national pride.
The Country Women’s Association (CWA), founded in 1922, played a crucial role in preserving and standardizing the recipe. The CWA’s version of the ANZAC biscuit remains one of the most well-known and trusted variations.
Traditional CWA ANZAC Biscuit Recipe
The CWA’s ANZAC biscuit recipe is known for its perfect balance of crunch and chewiness, making it an ideal treat for any occasion. Below is the classic recipe, along with tips to ensure you get the best results.
Ingredients:
- 1 cup rolled oats
- 1 cup plain flour
- 1 cup white sugar
- ¾ cup desiccated coconut
- 125g (4.4oz) unsalted butter
- 2 tablespoons golden syrup
- ½ teaspoon baking soda
- 2 tablespoons boiling water
Instructions:
1. Preheat the Oven
Preheat your oven to 160°C (320°F) fan-forced or 180°C (350°F) conventional. Line a baking tray with parchment paper to prevent the biscuits from sticking.
2. Mix the Dry Ingredients
In a large mixing bowl, combine the rolled oats, plain flour, white sugar, and desiccated coconut. Stir well to ensure even distribution of ingredients.
3. Melt the Butter and Golden Syrup
In a small saucepan over low heat, melt the butter and golden syrup together, stirring occasionally. Once fully melted, remove from heat.
4. Prepare the Baking Soda Mixture
In a separate small bowl, dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda in 2 tablespoons of boiling water. Once dissolved, immediately pour this mixture into the melted butter and syrup. Stir well as it begins to foam.
5. Combine Wet and Dry Ingredients
Pour the foamy mixture into the bowl with the dry ingredients. Using a wooden spoon, mix everything together until a sticky dough forms.
6. Shape the Biscuits
Roll tablespoon-sized portions of the dough into small balls and place them on the lined baking tray. Leave at least 5 cm (2 inches) between each biscuit, as they will spread while baking. Flatten them slightly with the back of a spoon for a more even shape.
7. Bake the Biscuits
Place the tray in the preheated oven and bake for 12-15 minutes or until the biscuits turn golden brown.
For chewy biscuits, remove them at around 12 minutes when they are still slightly soft in the center. For crispier biscuits, bake them for up to 15 minutes.
8. Cool and Enjoy
Once baked, remove the biscuits from the oven and let them cool on the tray for 5 minutes before transferring them to a wire rack to cool completely.
Your homemade CWA-style ANZAC biscuits are now ready to enjoy!
Tips for the Perfect ANZAC Biscuits
- Use Fresh Ingredients – Since ANZAC biscuits rely on a simple set of ingredients, their quality makes a big difference. Ensure your oats, flour, and coconut are fresh.
- Adjust the Texture – If you prefer softer biscuits, reduce the baking time and add an extra teaspoon of golden syrup. For crisper biscuits, bake them slightly longer.
- Golden Syrup Substitutes – If golden syrup is unavailable, you can substitute it with honey or maple syrup, though the taste will be slightly different.
- Storage Tips – Store the biscuits in an airtight container at room temperature. They will stay fresh for up to two weeks.
- Freeze for Later – You can freeze unbaked dough balls and bake them fresh whenever needed.
Variations of ANZAC Biscuits
1. Chocolate ANZAC Biscuits
For a modern twist, add ½ cup of chocolate chips to the dough before baking. You can also drizzle melted dark chocolate over the cooled biscuits for an indulgent touch.
2. Nutty ANZAC Biscuits
Add ¼ cup of chopped macadamia nuts or almonds for an added crunch and nutty flavor.
3. Vegan ANZAC Biscuits
To make a vegan version, substitute butter with coconut oil or vegan margarine and use maple syrup instead of golden syrup.
4. Gluten-Free ANZAC Biscuits
Replace plain flour with a gluten-free flour blend and ensure your oats are certified gluten-free.
The Cultural Significance of ANZAC Biscuits
ANZAC biscuits are more than just a sweet treat; they are a symbol of remembrance and an integral part of Australian and New Zealand history. Every year on ANZAC Day (April 25th), families and communities bake these biscuits to honor the soldiers who served in the war. Schools, bakeries, and home kitchens across Australia continue to uphold the tradition of baking and sharing ANZAC biscuits on this day.
It is important to note that under Australian law, the name “ANZAC” is protected and can only be used for recipes that adhere to the traditional style. Commercial sellers must not modify the name or recipe without government approval.
Conclusion
The CWA ANZAC biscuit recipe remains a cherished part of Australian culinary heritage, passed down through generations. Whether enjoyed with a cup of tea, shared on ANZAC Day, or baked as a nostalgic comfort food, these biscuits represent resilience, tradition, and community spirit.
By following this authentic recipe, you can recreate the iconic ANZAC biscuit in your own kitchen while paying homage to its rich history.
So, gather your ingredients, preheat your oven, and experience a taste of Australian history with every bite!
