Focaccia is one of Italy’s most beloved breads, known for its fluffy interior, crispy golden crust, and rich olive oil flavor. Whether you’re a seasoned baker or just starting out, this guide will walk you through the entire process of making delicious homemade focaccia.
In this article, we’ll cover:
- The history and origins of focaccia
- Essential ingredients and tools
- A step-by-step recipe for classic focaccia
- Variations and flavor combinations
- Storage tips
- Frequently asked questions
A Brief History of Focaccia
Focaccia dates back to ancient Rome, where it was known as panis focacius. The name comes from the Latin word “focus,” meaning “hearth” or “fireplace,” since early versions were baked over an open flame. Over time, the recipe evolved and spread across Italy, with each region developing its own version.
In Liguria, focaccia is light, airy, and often brushed with olive oil and salt, while in Genoa, it’s sometimes stuffed with cheese. Other variations include sweet focaccia with honey and sugar. Today, focaccia remains a staple in Italian cuisine and is enjoyed worldwide.
Essential Ingredients and Tools
To make traditional focaccia, you’ll need just a few basic pantry staples. The key to an excellent focaccia is high-quality ingredients, especially olive oil and flour.
Ingredients:
- 4 cups (500g) all-purpose flour (or bread flour for a chewier texture)
- 2 teaspoons salt
- 1 packet (2 1/4 teaspoons) active dry yeast (or instant yeast)
- 1 1/2 cups (360ml) warm water (around 110°F or 45°C)
- 1/4 cup (60ml) extra virgin olive oil (plus more for drizzling)
- 1 teaspoon sugar (to feed the yeast)
- 2 teaspoons flaky sea salt (for topping)
- Fresh rosemary or other herbs (optional, for extra flavor)
Tools:
- Large mixing bowl
- Measuring cups and spoons
- Wooden spoon or stand mixer
- Baking sheet or cast-iron skillet
- Parchment paper (optional)
- Plastic wrap or clean kitchen towel
- Sharp knife or dough scraper
Step-by-Step Recipe for Classic Focaccia
This easy recipe yields a flavorful, soft, and airy focaccia with a crispy crust.
Step 1: Activate the Yeast
- In a small bowl, combine warm water, yeast, and sugar. Stir gently and let it sit for 5–10 minutes until it becomes foamy. This step ensures the yeast is alive and active.
Step 2: Make the Dough
- In a large mixing bowl, combine the flour and salt.
- Make a well in the center and pour in the yeast mixture and olive oil.
- Mix with a wooden spoon until a shaggy dough forms.
- Transfer the dough to a floured surface and knead for about 10 minutes until it becomes smooth and elastic. If using a stand mixer, knead with the dough hook for 5–7 minutes.
Step 3: First Rise (Fermentation)
- Lightly grease a clean bowl with olive oil and place the dough inside.
- Cover with plastic wrap or a damp kitchen towel.
- Let it rise in a warm place for 1–2 hours, or until doubled in size.
Step 4: Shape the Dough
- Once risen, punch down the dough to release air bubbles.
- Transfer it to a well-oiled baking sheet or cast-iron skillet.
- Gently stretch and press the dough to fit the pan without deflating it.
- Cover loosely and let it rest for 30 minutes.
Step 5: Create the Signature Dimples
- Preheat your oven to 425°F (220°C).
- Drizzle a generous amount of olive oil over the dough.
- Use your fingers to press deep dimples into the surface—this prevents excessive puffing during baking.
- Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and fresh rosemary.
Step 6: Bake to Perfection
- Bake in the preheated oven for 20–25 minutes, or until golden brown.
- Remove from the oven and let it cool for at least 10 minutes before slicing.
- Drizzle with more olive oil for extra flavor.
Focaccia Variations and Flavor Enhancements
Focaccia is a versatile bread that can be customized with different toppings and ingredients. Here are some delicious variations:
1. Garlic and Herb Focaccia
- Add 2–3 minced garlic cloves to the olive oil before drizzling.
- Mix fresh basil, oregano, and thyme into the dough.
2. Cheese-Stuffed Focaccia
- Place a layer of mozzarella, Parmesan, or ricotta in the middle before folding the dough.
- Sprinkle extra cheese on top before baking.
3. Olive and Sun-Dried Tomato Focaccia
- Press pitted olives (green or black) and chopped sun-dried tomatoes into the dimples.
- Sprinkle with Italian seasoning for a Mediterranean flavor.
4. Caramelized Onion and Goat Cheese Focaccia
- Sauté sliced onions in olive oil until golden brown.
- Spread the onions and crumbled goat cheese on top.
5. Sweet Focaccia
- Swap out the salt for sugar and cinnamon.
- Add honey and dried fruit (such as figs or raisins).
How to Store Focaccia
To keep your focaccia fresh and delicious:
- At room temperature: Store in an airtight container for up to 2 days.
- In the fridge: Wrap in plastic wrap and store for up to 1 week. Reheat before serving.
- In the freezer: Wrap tightly in foil and freeze for up to 3 months. Reheat in an oven at 350°F (175°C) until warm.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Why is my focaccia not fluffy?
- Your yeast might be expired or inactive.
- The dough may not have risen long enough.
- Over-kneading can result in a dense texture.
2. Can I make focaccia dough ahead of time?
Yes! You can prepare the dough, let it rise once, and store it in the fridge overnight. The next day, bring it to room temperature before shaping and baking.
3. What’s the difference between focaccia and pizza dough?
Focaccia dough has more hydration and olive oil, making it softer and fluffier than pizza dough, which is leaner and more elastic.
4. How do I get a crispy crust?
Baking on a preheated pizza stone or using a cast-iron skillet helps create a crispy bottom. Adding a bit of olive oil to the pan also helps.
5. Can I make gluten-free focaccia?
Yes! Use a gluten-free flour blend with xanthan gum. Gluten-free doughs tend to be stickier, so handle with care.
Final Thoughts
Homemade focaccia is an easy and rewarding bread that brings the flavors of Italy to your kitchen. With its soft, airy texture and rich olive oil taste, it pairs beautifully with soups, salads, or even as a sandwich base. Experiment with different toppings and flavors to make it your own!
Now that you know how to make the perfect focaccia, it’s time to get baking! Let us know in the comments what flavors you tried. Enjoy! 🍞✨
